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    <loc>https://robertpatalano.squarespace.com/cv-patalano</loc>
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      <image:title>CV - Curriculum Vitae</image:title>
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  <url>
    <loc>https://robertpatalano.squarespace.com/onlinetalks-patalano</loc>
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    <lastmod>2026-04-24</lastmod>
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      <image:title>Outreach and Engagement - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Discussing archaeological biomarker research with employees of the Oldupai Gorge Site Museum, 2017. Photo by Lisa Tillotson, University of Calgary.</image:caption>
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      <image:title>Outreach and Engagement - ArchaeoChats</image:title>
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      <image:title>Outreach and Engagement - Invited Lectures</image:title>
      <image:caption>Invited Lectures</image:caption>
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      <image:title>Outreach and Engagement - Online Workshops &amp;amp; Conferences</image:title>
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      <image:title>Outreach and Engagement - Other Contributions</image:title>
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    <loc>https://robertpatalano.squarespace.com/invited-lectures</loc>
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    <lastmod>2021-06-12</lastmod>
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    <loc>https://robertpatalano.squarespace.com/workshops</loc>
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    <lastmod>2021-06-12</lastmod>
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  <url>
    <loc>https://robertpatalano.squarespace.com/publications-patalano</loc>
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    <lastmod>2026-04-24</lastmod>
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  <url>
    <loc>https://robertpatalano.squarespace.com/archaeochats</loc>
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    <lastmod>2021-06-16</lastmod>
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    <loc>https://robertpatalano.squarespace.com/research-patalano</loc>
    <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
    <priority>0.75</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-05-26</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5db6d543dbfd8f0b33b5a597/1621956639745-BIWT7PWHBC75QGAPYKHV/OlduvaiGorge2.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Research - Archaeological FIeldwork</image:title>
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    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5db6d543dbfd8f0b33b5a597/1621956637423-G5OXH5MLSCMZ7VNVH9WZ/IMG_6425+%282%29.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Research - Lab Methods and Techniques</image:title>
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    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5db6d543dbfd8f0b33b5a597/1622050024867-GLVWB2MU8IYRHK1VSPT0/P1040283.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Research - The Archaeological Applications of Paleoenvironmental Biomarkers</image:title>
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    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5db6d543dbfd8f0b33b5a597/1621956638932-7T7FLLPNH1Y5EANLZYZD/IMG_18022.JPG</image:loc>
      <image:title>Research - Modern Calibration Studies</image:title>
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  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://robertpatalano.squarespace.com/fieldwork-patalano</loc>
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    <priority>0.75</priority>
    <lastmod>2024-11-15</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5db6d543dbfd8f0b33b5a597/32e7e5fb-bcbe-4569-a2a5-5b79cf207af5/IMG_20240625_143026.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Fieldwork - FIELDWORK</image:title>
      <image:caption>Throughout my academic career, I have been fortunate to of conducted fieldwork in the Bahamas, China, Tanzania, the USA, and Zimbabwe.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5db6d543dbfd8f0b33b5a597/1622062694504-JZR4NT3MMI5IV1LGV66T/IMG_3370.JPG</image:loc>
      <image:title>Fieldwork - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Column sampling approach through different archaeological horizons. This ‘on-site’ strategy allows for the direct association of biomarker paleo-records with stone tool and fossil assemblages.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://robertpatalano.squarespace.com/modern-ecological-baselines-patalano</loc>
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    <lastmod>2022-05-24</lastmod>
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      <image:title>Modern Ecological Baselines</image:title>
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      <image:title>Modern Ecological Baselines</image:title>
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    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5db6d543dbfd8f0b33b5a597/1622055459469-65GE8GW2NQQYO7V1218A/IMG_5105.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Modern Ecological Baselines</image:title>
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    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5db6d543dbfd8f0b33b5a597/1622055468737-T7QUIOGOCSZQ70HP2SMH/IMG_5357.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Modern Ecological Baselines</image:title>
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    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5db6d543dbfd8f0b33b5a597/1622055480791-IDCVMCK8ZMTA1DM7AZ4B/IMG_5455.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Modern Ecological Baselines</image:title>
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    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5db6d543dbfd8f0b33b5a597/1622055482983-ELZ73U37AY2RZTIKQQNZ/IMG_5561.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Modern Ecological Baselines</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5db6d543dbfd8f0b33b5a597/1622055505115-E47Y2VC5KI38B1NADARH/Manyara.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Modern Ecological Baselines</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5db6d543dbfd8f0b33b5a597/1622055511877-U1JDCHYK1IF4XV8508PI/Olbalbal2.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Modern Ecological Baselines</image:title>
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  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://robertpatalano.squarespace.com/home-patalano</loc>
    <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
    <priority>1.0</priority>
    <lastmod>2026-05-20</lastmod>
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      <image:title>Home</image:title>
      <image:caption>Fieldwork in the Nihewan Basin, northern China, 2024.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5db6d543dbfd8f0b33b5a597/1621973723474-9SZVWUXP5YL2SS7DJKG4/ngorongoro.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Home - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Ngorongoro Crater, Tanzania</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5db6d543dbfd8f0b33b5a597/1621974036285-6UIBG8ET68P7R4KGLY3W/IMGP2103crop.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Home - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5db6d543dbfd8f0b33b5a597/3e2d0480-5f18-47e3-b105-c47f4c18a950/Affiliations.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Home - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://robertpatalano.squarespace.com/lab-methods-patalano</loc>
    <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
    <priority>0.75</priority>
    <lastmod>2024-11-15</lastmod>
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      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5db6d543dbfd8f0b33b5a597/1622032223067-0ID6C2PHIR3M344VSQBH/LabAnalysis.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Lab Methods - LAB METHODS &amp; TECHNIQUES</image:title>
      <image:caption>I have extensive training in organic geochemistry and in multiple gas chromatography and mass spectrometry analytical techniques, including compound specific stable isotope ratio mass spectrometry.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5db6d543dbfd8f0b33b5a597/f42aecdd-7028-420b-b6a9-3a9ce50af2d1/LWL.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Lab Methods - Make it stand out</image:title>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5db6d543dbfd8f0b33b5a597/1622054619013-TG6841R9RGDK60RBD8E5/Figure+2.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Lab Methods - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Example of a silver nitrate/silica gel column in an ∼5-inch borosilicate glass pipet. Notice the slight discoloration between the silver nitrate (SiAgNO3) and the silica gel. The n-alkanes in the Neutral fraction are being eluted through the column with hexane. From Patalano et al., 2020.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5db6d543dbfd8f0b33b5a597/1622054740444-OJKYDN9G6OQV5TAX1VQB/Figure+3.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Lab Methods - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Three mass spectra for the molecular ions representing the mass of the C29-C33 n-alkanes. Each compound is identified by its mass-to-charge ration (m/z), which for n-alkanes increases by 14 mass units—corresponding to one carbon (12 atomic mass units, amu) and two hydrogen (2 amu)—per additional backbone carbon. From Patalano et al., 2020.</image:caption>
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  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://robertpatalano.squarespace.com/other-videos-patalano</loc>
    <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
    <priority>0.75</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-06-12</lastmod>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://robertpatalano.squarespace.com/biomarkers-in-archaeology-patalano</loc>
    <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
    <priority>0.75</priority>
    <lastmod>2024-11-16</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5db6d543dbfd8f0b33b5a597/1622033361709-KH7QV3TTI8C0CAFMYLOU/JKFieldwork</image:loc>
      <image:title>Biomarkers in Archaeology - BIOMARKERS &amp; ARCHAEOLOGY</image:title>
      <image:caption>The archaeological and paleoanthropological applications of various biomarkers are wide and diverse.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5db6d543dbfd8f0b33b5a597/1622035937601-7PMUQSW88BWBU5JR5X6N/LeafWax.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Biomarkers in Archaeology - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>A schematic diagram of leaf anatomy highlighting the location of the plant wax lipids. A. A dumb cane (Dieffenbachia seguine) leaf with a reflective waxy surface. B. A scanning electron micrograph of the cross section of a leaf: (1) Upper epidermis covered by a cuticular membrane with epicuticular wax deposits on its outer surface visible (white arrow). (2) The lower epidermis covered with a cuticular membrane but with fewer epicuticular wax deposits (black arrow). A stoma is shown near center. (3) Mesophyll. Original leaf scanning electron microscope image provided by Dr. Qin Leng, Bryant University. Figure from Patalano et al., 2021. Evolutionary Anthropology.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5db6d543dbfd8f0b33b5a597/1622036546860-96V98F8UQJ419O6ESEPA/Biomarkers+in+Archaeology+Map.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Biomarkers in Archaeology - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>I am leading or collaborating on a number of archaeological and paleoanthropological projects that incorporate plant wax biomarkers into their research questions. These projects geographically span eastern, southern, northern, and western Africa, western, east, and southeast Asia, and western Europe, and temporally covers the past two million years.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5db6d543dbfd8f0b33b5a597/1622038401365-MSM3SHWL1YVEVY4M3U2J/FLKW2.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Biomarkers in Archaeology - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>The n-alkane δ13C data from FLK-W is plotted against total number of recovered lithics and bones with identifiable cut or percussion marks in the right panel. The total number of lithics and bones correlate with woody vegetation cover as indicated by δ13C. As the landscape becomes more open, the number of lithics and bones drops significantly. Right panel figure from Patalano et al., 2021. Evolutionary Anthropology. The top left panel shows fossilized starch granules recovered in ancient residue from an Acheulean handaxe excavated at FLK-W. The blue and green EDX (Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy) demonstrate a carbonaceous compound that underwent permineralization. From Mercader et al., 2017. EAAPP.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
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      <image:title>Biomarkers in Archaeology - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Quartzite spheroid from Ewass Oldupa. Image from Mercader et al., 2021. Nature Communications.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5db6d543dbfd8f0b33b5a597/1622046004081-7O9U2184H8K6QLYT59JM/Figure+3_Interpretation+Updated.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Biomarkers in Archaeology - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>High-resolution n-alkane carbon and hydrogen isotope record of the Tianluoshan area between 7.0 and 4.6 thousand years ago, with comparative data of grass phytolith concentrations. From Patalano et al., 2015.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5db6d543dbfd8f0b33b5a597/1622046880782-UWNAKB95EUI992SYD55S/The+Great+Wall2.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Biomarkers in Archaeology - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Two sections of the Great Wall. The Ming Dynasty brick and mortar wall (left) and the Han era reed-fascine and rammed-earth wall (right). Ming Wall photo taken by Robert Patalano. Han wall photo provided by Dr. Hong Yang.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://robertpatalano.squarespace.com/teaching-patalano</loc>
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    <priority>0.75</priority>
    <lastmod>2025-03-12</lastmod>
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      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5db6d543dbfd8f0b33b5a597/1623514642643-GKB986ZQRA7VOWEMWZE4/maxresdefault.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Teaching - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5db6d543dbfd8f0b33b5a597/67b77cea-6f93-4209-a88a-0af17661d998/Snapshot_202307209_180700.JPG</image:loc>
      <image:title>Teaching - The Grand Prismatic Spring</image:title>
      <image:caption>of Midway Geyser Basin in Yellowstone National Park captured with an Insta360 ONE X 360-degree action camera.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5db6d543dbfd8f0b33b5a597/03fce0dc-f4de-4173-9079-ccea401d7c74/VRTourWeb.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>Teaching - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Students taking a virtual fieldtrip at the DVL using Oculus Meta Quest VR headsets.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5db6d543dbfd8f0b33b5a597/1623509476907-2JM7VUTS3HUQMMO5JO55/Zimb.jpg</image:loc>
      <image:title>Teaching - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Working with students from the University of Zimbabwe on excavations and survey at the Maunganidze site in eastern Zimbabwe, 2014. Photo by Julio Mercader, University of Calgary.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://robertpatalano.squarespace.com/iaas</loc>
    <changefreq>daily</changefreq>
    <priority>0.75</priority>
    <lastmod>2021-07-05</lastmod>
    <image:image>
      <image:loc>https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5db6d543dbfd8f0b33b5a597/1625490861520-SBGINKVLIHZNKM0PHE9A/VIAAS+Poster+Advert+New+New.png</image:loc>
      <image:title>IAAS - Make it stand out</image:title>
      <image:caption>Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.</image:caption>
    </image:image>
  </url>
  <url>
    <loc>https://robertpatalano.squarespace.com/story-maps</loc>
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    <lastmod>2025-02-14</lastmod>
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